Citizenship

A Luxembourg passport is a way to a strong financial sector, high standards of living, welfare benefits, and freedom of travel with access to 172 countries visa-free. There are several paths to Luxembourgish nationality, including naturalisation after legally living in the country for 5 years and marriage to a Luxembourg national. The best thing is you don’t have to climb up your family tree searching for a Luxembourgish great-grandmother — anyone can become a Luxembourg citizen. Find out how in this article.

Elena Ruda

No vampires remain in Romania — only about 300 castles they used to live in. Mediaeval fortifications aside, Romania boasts an attractive passport that will be even stronger once the country joins the Schengen Area in April 2024. Impressive travel freedom, low cost of living, and acres of pristine nature — what’s not to like? Beware of scam agents, though; sadly, Romania is notorious in this regard. The fraudulent documents the scammers issue could land one into trouble, like getting banned from the EU for life. Here's everything you need to know about the legal ways to get Romanian citizenship.

Elena Ruda

Monaco’s population is only 37,000 people but includes residents from 125 countries. No wonder — the Principality is a major financial hub and a luxury holiday destination. However, the paths to citizenship are limited; nonetheless, they exist. Here’s everything you need to know about getting a Monegasque passport.

Elena Ruda

Employment, studies at a university or family roots are the most common grounds for obtaining a residence permit and, eventually, a passport in Croatia. A foreigner obtains the country’s citizenship by naturalisation in at least 8 years. With Croatia citizenship, one can enter 170 states visa-free, including the EU members, Japan, and the UK, move to Croatia, and enjoy access to European healthcare and education.

Elena Ruda

Estonia's digital infrastructure and thriving startup ecosystem make it an attractive destination for expatriates seeking convenience and opportunity. Individuals can acquire Estonian citizenship through birth or naturalisation. For the latter, a foreigner needs to reside in the country for 10 years. This path is also open to investors looking to establish roots in Estonia.

Elena Ruda

Norway, a country of polar lights and majestic fjords, is known as one of the best countries to live in. It is safe, prosperous, and politically stable. So, it is no wonder expats choose to move there and obtain the country’s citizenship. Adult foreigners have 3 options to get a Norwegian passport: marriage, notification, or naturalisation. To ease the path to a passport by naturalisation, one can obtain a residence permit for self-employed persons with a company in Norway.

Elena Ruda

EU citizenship by descent can be granted based on proof that your ancestors were citizens of an EU country.  In this article, we discuss who and in which EU countries can obtain citizenship by descent.

Vladlena Baranova

Foreigners are invited to obtain citizenship by investment in North Macedonia for a minimal contribution of €200,000. While, in theory, it could be an excellent option for investors to secure a passport in an EU candidate member state, there is a big question if that option is actually valid. Since 2021, when it was introduced, no single investor obtained a passport with a contribution. Another way to invest is to contribute €400,000 to developing a new business in North Macedonia and create at least 10 jobs. Learn more about the CBI program terms and secure alternatives.

Elena Ruda

If a foreigner officially lives in the country for a long time, they can become its citizen. For example, you can come to Australia on a student visa and apply for citizenship after four years. What conditions must be met in order to become a naturalized citizen, and how to go through the path of integration into a new society in the easiest way — learn from the examples of different countries.

Vladlena Baranova

The principle of obtaining citizenship “by right of blood” applies in the European Union. This means that a child born in the EU receives their parents’ citizenship. The “right of soil" or automatically granting citizenship of the country of birth also applies in some countries, albeit, with restrictions. In Europe, the easiest way to obtain citizenship by right of soil is in Portugal.

Vladlena Baranova

The cheapest and fastest way to obtain citizenship is offered to investors in five Caribbean countries and Vanuatu. To get a passport in Vanuatu, a foreigner must contribute at least $130,000, while in the Caribbean, the minimum sum is $200,000. Let’s discuss the reasons for applying for a passport from one of the Caribbean island nations or Vanuatu.

Lyle Julien

Citizenship by investment allows individuals to obtain a second passport by making a qualifying contribution to a country's economy. Grenada’s citizenship program is among the most popular and cost-effective options, offering a straightforward path to a second passport.  Investors can either contribute $235,000 to the National Transformation Fund or purchase real estate worth at least $270,000 to secure Grenadian citizenship. Within a few months, applicants gain the valued freedom of global mobility. The investor and their family can travel to more than 140 countries without visas.

Lyle Julien

In fiscal year 2025, 57% of US B-visa applications from Nigerian nationals were refused. For frequent travellers, investors, and internationally minded families, this is more than an inconvenience — it is a real limit on mobility and long-term planning. A second passport can remove many of these barriers. Nigerian citizens by birth may legally hold two, three, or more citizenships at the same time. This guide explains who can have dual citizenship in Nigeria, which routes to second citizenship are available, how the process works, and what pitfalls to avoid.

Lyle Julien

Newborn children acquire citizenship either by "right of blood" or "right of soil". In the first case, it is based on the citizenship of the parents, and in the second case, it depends on the country of birth. In some countries both these principles apply. We explain these concepts in detail.

Vladlena Baranova

Argentina is known for its fast naturalisation process, allowing eligible residents to apply for citizenship after 2 years of legal residence. The government has also recently introduced a new citizenship by investment pathway, though the detailed rules and requirements are still being developed. Argentine citizens enjoy visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 160 destinations, along with strong constitutional protections that make citizenship irrevocable.

Elena Ruda

Obtaining citizenship is divided into legal and "working" ways. Fraudsters offer to buy a passport in violation of the laws of several states at once. This is fraught with trouble from large fines and a ban on entry into the EU countries to criminal liability and compromising evidence, which is at their disposal. We will tell you how to get a passport without consequences and how not to accidentally entrust your money and reputation to scammers.

Vladlena Baranova

Countries issuing citizenship by investment do not grant it automatically: they need to check on the applicant to ensure they are not likely to bring trouble into the country, even if they can fulfil the conditions for investment. The main points of interest are usually the sufficiency and legality of income, criminal record, and civil status. All of the above must be confirmed by specific documents. Here is the list of documents needed for citizenship application.

Vladlena Baranova

Investors seeking to obtain Caribbean citizenship by investment may encounter fraudulent agents offering illegal discounts and financial schemes. These violations have already resulted in multiple application rejections and even citizenship revocation. Authorities are cracking down on these practices, reinforcing stricter controls to protect the integrity of the citizenship by investment programmes. Discover the tactics these agents use to deceive applicants and the legal ways to obtain Caribbean citizenship by investment.

Pavel Reshetnikov

Spain is included in the list of the top-5 countries for foreigners according to the HSBC Expat Explorer. Its strong economy, developed infrastructure and warm Mediterranean climate are attractive for foreigners. At the same time, the cost of living is lower than in other countries in Western Europe. We consider 6 ways of applying for Spanish citizenship: by investment, naturalization, choice, marriage, family reunification, and guardianship.

Lyle Julien

Cosmopolitans looking for European citizenship for their children may want to consider Spain: a Spanish passport grants its holder the right to live in the European Union, work and do business in any EU state, and travel visa-free to 172 countries. Discover who is eligible for Spain citizenship by birth and if it is sufficient to be born in Spain to acquire the country’s nationality.

Vladlena Baranova

Turkiye citizenship offers the advantages of travelling to 120+ countries visa-free and the opportunity to pursue an E-2 business visa to the United States — all alongside moving to a country with a mild climate, gorgeous sea, and diverse culture.  Foreigners can obtain these benefits and get a Turkish passport by investing at least $400,000 in the country’s economy. The process of obtaining citizenship typically takes at least 8 months, with the potential for investment returns within three years. Read on to learn how one can get Turkiye citizenship by investment, who is eligible, and how this program differs from others.

Vladlena Baranova

Acquiring citizenship by investment is one of the paths available for foreigners in Antigua and Barbuda. The threshold to participate in the citizenship by investment program is $230,000, and the investor does not have to move to Antigua and Barbuda or renounce the existing citizenship. Becoming a citizen of Antigua and Barbuda will give you and your family the right to travel visa-free to over 150 countries, including the Schengen Area and the UK.

Lyle Julien

The benefits of second citizenship depend on the country in which one obtains a passport.  For instance, Caribbean citizenship allows travel without visas to more than 100 countries, creation of a plan B abroad, and access to a more beneficial taxation system. Second citizenship can also have certain disadvantages. For example, in the United States, individuals with multiple nationalities may face restrictions on holding security clearance or specific government jobs, particularly those involving sensitive national security positions.

Vladlena Baranova

Some countries have Citizenship by Investment, CBI, programs that open doors to new opportunities in exchange for investment. CBI programs are considered the fastest, safest, and easiest way to obtain a second passport. Its applicants receive the same rights as native citizens. People pursue second citizenship for various reasons, such as greater global mobility, enhanced business opportunities, or securing a safe haven. We selected 10 countries that offer the best conditions to get citizenship by investment.

Albert Ioffe

Saint Lucia citizenship can be obtained in several ways. Citizenship by birth is granted to children born in the country or abroad to St Lucia citizens. To obtain citizenship by registration, an applicant must have ties to St Lucia, such as being married to or adopted by a St Lucian. The quickest and simplest way to become a St Lucia citizen is to participate in the citizenship by investment program.

Lyle Julien

The country has one of the fastest citizenship by investment programs, with approvals in 2+ months, and one of the most affordable, starting with $130,000 for a single applicant. Vanuatu passport holders enjoy visa-free access to around 100 countries, a zero-tax regime and the option to establish International Business Companies exempt from tax for up to 20 years. Common questions about Vanuatu’s citizenship program were discussed with Zlata Erlach, Head of the Austrian office at Immigrant Invest.

Zlata Erlach

Vanuatu passport renewal is a mandatory legal obligation under the Passport Act for all Vanuatu citizens. Holders of a Vanuatu passport obtained through citizenship by investment or any other route must renew their passport every 10 years.  The renewal process can be completed at any Vanuatu consulate worldwide without visiting Vanuatu.

Lyle Julien

In Berlin, a new refrain is heard more often: “Then just go to St Kitts.” It refers to a luxury apartment priced at around $325,000. For that sum, a buyer does not only acquire a property in the sun, but can also qualify for the passport of the island state of St Kitts and Nevis. This guide examines why St Kitts and Nevis is gaining attention among Germans and outlines the key features of its citizenship by investment programme.

Avril Blanchette

Grenada recognises dual citizenship. This means that foreigners can obtain Grenada passports and keep their first nationality — and enjoy the benefits of multiple citizenship. Citizens of Grenada can travel visa-free to 140+ countries in the world, including the Schengen states. They can also obtain a 10-year visa to the USA. Besides, nationals of the country enjoy a sparing taxation system and can easily open accounts in European banks. The investment path to a Grenada passport takes at least 8 months and requires a contribution of at least $235,000.

Lyle Julien

Investors can get a second passport if they spend at least $270,000 on Grenada government-approved real estate.  The property can be used as a vacation residency or place of living. An investor can also rent the property out. The holiday season in Grenada lasts all year round: 500,000 tourists visit the country every year. They stay in hotels or rent villas. Find out more about Grenada real estate citizenship: what benefits there are for investors, except liquid assets and Caribbean citizenship.

Elena Ruda

The Georgian passport offers visa-free travel to 137 countries and prominent business opportunities. The country is also among the safest in the world. Common ways to obtain Georgia citizenship are birth, naturalisation, marriage, and investment. For the latter, an investor contributes at least $100,000 and becomes a citizen in 10 years.

Elena Ruda

It is not possible to obtain New Zealand citizenship by investment, but there are investment residence permit programs in the country. Under their terms, applicants invest from 3 million New Zealand dollars in the country's economy. We will tell you why the status of a resident of New Zealand is attractive and whether you need to move to the country in order to obtain citizenship.

Elena Ruda

Maltese citizens can travel to 187 countries without visas. It puts Malta citizenship in the 10 most powerful in the global passport index. Cosmopolitans have an opportunity to get Malta citizenship by naturalisation for exceptional services by direct investment. Learn about the conditions applicants must meet to become Maltese citizens and other benefits of the country's passport.

Julia Loko

Hungarian citizenship provides the right to work and reside in any EU country, access to high-quality healthcare and education, and the freedom to travel without visas to more than 170 countries worldwide. This makes the Hungarian passport one of the most desirable. Explore all the ways to obtain Hungarian citizenship, from investment programs to options like naturalisation, repatriation, marriage or family ties. Each path has its characteristics, requirements, and steps that must be completed to become a full citizen of the country.

Zlata Erlach

Caribbean citizenship by investment is available not only to individuals but also to families. Spouses, children, parents, grandparents, and siblings can apply together.  The participation of multiple family members doesn't necessarily mean higher costs, as some countries offer highly favourable options specifically for families. This article explains who can obtain Caribbean citizenship alongside the main investor and how inheritance and family reunification work in these programs.

Lyle Julien

Investors obtain Malta citizenship by naturalisation. Firstly, they get a residence permit and then apply for citizenship after one or three years. The minimum investment amount is €690,000. Malta passport holders can travel to more than 160 countries without visas. Foreigners become full-fledged Malta citizens if they pass a strict Eligibility Test. Dual citizenship has been accepted in Malta since 2000.

Julia Loko

If an immigrant does not have enough money to stay in the country, they can ask for help from a sponsor. The sponsor guarantees the government that the immigrant will receive financial support during their stay. Sponsors can be family members, friends, companies, or anyone else. Sponsors have certain responsibilities. First and foremost, their financial situation must allow them to help the immigrant while still being able to provide for themselves.

Vladlena Baranova

Foreigners apply for Latvia citizenship through naturalisation after residing in the country for 10 years. They meet residency requirements, demonstrate proficiency in Latvian, and take exams on Latvian history and culture. We wondered if there is any way to get a second passport in Latvia or other European countries faster. And indeed, there is.

Elena Ruda

The "cosmopolitan" term comes from two Greek words: "cosmos", the universe and "polites", a citizen. Therefore, a cosmopolitan is a citizen of the world who recognizes the entire planet as their homeland rather than a single country.

Elena Ruda

A Turkish passport offers a variety of benefits, including travelling to 113 countries visa-free and receiving long-term visas to the USA and Schengen states. There’s a way to obtain Turkish citizenship by an investment of $400,000+. Investors can choose one of five options: real estate purchase, business investments, bank deposit, and purchase of government bonds or units in an investment fund. The whole process takes 6—8 months.

Vladlena Baranova

Dominica is one of the countries in the Caribbean that offers second citizenship for real estate investment. Most wealthy people applying to Immigrant Invest to participate in the Dominica program think it is about buying villas and apartments. However, the program limits the cost and choice of objects.

Elena Ruda

Grenada citizens can apply for an E-2 Treaty Investor Visa to move to the USA and do business. The obtaining period is 2—3 months. The E-2 visa is valid for 2 years and can be renewed an unlimited number of times. Learn the difference between the E-2 and other US business visas and how to get an E-2 visa quickly with minimal costs.

Albert Ioffe

Caribbean and Vanuatu citizenship by investment programs have attracted thousands of high-net-worth individuals. To apply, foreigners invest a minimum of $200,000 for Caribbean citizenship or $130,000 for Vanuatu citizenship. With a Caribbean passport, one can visit Schengen countries, Singapore, and Hong Kong without a visa. Investors also visit the UK visa-free with a passport of Antigua and Barbuda and Grenada. In this article, we’ve uncovered key benefits of Caribbean and Vanuatu citizenship by investment and provided step-by-step requirements for obtaining a second passport.

Lyle Julien

Dominica citizenship can be obtained in various ways; the fastest, however, is by investment. To participate, a foreigner needs to invest at least $200,000 in a state fund or in real estate. An investor may include family members in the application. Dominica investment citizenship is issued within 6 months and opens visa-free travel to 145 countries.

Zlata Erlach

Caribbean nations make good "Plan B" countries. They offer tax optimisation, convenient business opportunities, profitable real estate, a comfortable life in a tropical climate, and more. A minimum contribution of $200,000 can make investors and their families Caribbean nationals. If an investor chooses to purchase real estate, they can earn a profit. Opportunities differ from island to island, — but all Caribbean citizenship programs conveniently have common features.

Elena Ruda

Acquiring a second citizenship by donation or contribution is a streamlined path to global mobility and financial diversification. The amount of the donation sum starts at $90,000, making it accessible to a wide range of investors. This article explores various programs, detailing the countries offering citizenship by donation, their processes, costs, and benefits.

Albert Ioffe

Italian citizens are fortunate to have one of the world's strongest passports, allowing them to travel visa-free to 172 countries worldwide. They can also live, work, and study in all EU member states without restrictions. Investors can embark on the path towards citizenship by applying for the Italy Golden Visa. They can get residence permit cards for themselves and their families for a minimum contribution of €250,000. In this article, we list the benefits of dual citizenship that Italy provides.

Julia Loko

Getting a job in Serbia, studying at a Serbian university, or being a relative of a country's citizen are the most common grounds for moving to Serbia and eventually obtaining a passport. Serbia offers two more options for residency that significantly ease a path to citizenship. They are ownership of real estate of any value or investment in any Serbia-registered company.

Elena Ruda