11 Top Countries to Move to After Brexit: Updated for UK Expats in 2026

Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the USA remain popular destinations for Britons moving abroad. The first three are also part of the Commonwealth, which can make them feel familiar in terms of language, culture, and lifestyle. At the same time, many Britons continue to look towards Europe, especially for retirement, work, and long-term residence.

Around 1.3 million UK nationals live in EU countries. Spain, France, Portugal, and Ireland are among the main destinations. Spain alone is home to about 282,000 UK-born residents^{[1]Source: Office for National Statistics — UK emigration explained: what we know about Brits moving abroad}.

British emigration has remained high in recent years. Around 257,000 British nationals left the UK for at least a year in 2024, followed by approximately 246,000 in 2025. Over the same period, the number of British nationals moving to the UK fell from 140,000 to 110,000^{[2]Source: Office for National Statistics — Long-term international migration, provisional: year ending December 2025}. Younger adults play a significant role in this trend, with the strongest negative net migration recorded among those aged 16 to 34^{[1]Source: Office for National Statistics — UK emigration explained: what we know about Brits moving abroad}.

Brexit has also changed the way some Britons secure their long-term future in Europe. The number of British nationals acquiring EU citizenship rose sharply after the 2016 referendum. In 2024, Britons were the largest group of non-EU nationals acquiring citizenship in Denmark and Cyprus, and they were among the leading groups in several other EU countries^{[3]Source: Eurostat — Citizenship granted to almost 1.2 million people in 2024}.

Obtaining a residence permit is often the first step towards citizenship, which may be acquired after several years. One possible route is residence by investment through a Golden Visa programme.

A growing number of Britons are choosing to relocate abroad, driven by a mix of economic, political, and lifestyle factors. Rising living costs, tax changes, and shifting post-Brexit realities are pushing many to seek better opportunities and quality of life in other countries.

1. Brexit

After Brexit, UK citizens lost their special status in EU countries, and the UK is now considered a third country. Britons can stay in EU member states for up to 90 days within any 180-day period, but they need a residence permit to live there long term.

Additionally, UK professional qualifications are no longer automatically recognised in the EU.

2. Wexit, or Wealthy Brits Exit

Wealthy individuals are increasingly leaving the UK due to several factors, with high taxes being a primary driver.

A major change came with the abolition of the non-dom tax regime in April 2025. Under the new residence-based system, new UK residents can receive relief from UK tax on eligible foreign income and gains for their first 4 years of residence. After that period, they are taxed on worldwide income and gains under the standard rules.

For long-term UK residents and former non-doms, the reform reduced some of the tax advantages previously associated with living in the UK. This has added to concerns among high-net-worth individuals about the country’s tax environment and has contributed to greater interest in relocating abroad.

3. Cost of living crisis

The rising costs of energy bills, interest rates, council tax, and food and petrol prices push Britons to find cheaper places to live.

Tax policies are constantly changing. For example, from April 2025, the employer National Insurance rate increased from 13.8% to 15%. Capital Gains Tax rates had also risen in October 2024, with the lower rate increasing from 10% to 18% and the higher rate from 20% to 24%^{[4]Source: HM Revenue & Customs — Autumn Budget 2024: Overview of tax legislation and rates}.

4. Competitive job market

Many skilled professionals choose to work outside the UK for better salaries, improved working conditions, shorter working hours, lower taxes, and access to private healthcare.

Mediterranean countries like Spain and Portugal offer flexible working hours, often with siestas during the hottest part of the day. The cost of dining out and daily living in these countries is generally lower than in the UK.

5. Safety

The UK ranks below several popular relocation destinations on international safety measures. In the 2026 Global Peace Index, which assesses factors such as societal safety, conflict, political stability, and militarisation, the UK placed 39th out of 163 countries, behind New Zealand, Canada, Australia, Portugal, Hungary, Austria, Switzerland, and Spain.

The picture is similar in Numbeo’s Safety Index, which focuses more on day-to-day safety and perceived crime levels. There, the UK also ranks below destinations such as the UAE, Greece, Malta, and Türkiye.

6. Better golden years

Retirees often seek a warmer and more relaxing climate. Around 20% of Britons living in Europe are retired. Many European countries offer a lower cost of living compared to the UK. This allows retirees to stretch their pensions further, covering more expenses.

7. Opportunity to work remotely

About two-thirds of UK workers are considering moving to other countries. 

Cascais has actively promoted itself to British remote workers through its “It Works for You” campaign, highlighting the town’s coworking spaces, connectivity, climate, coastal lifestyle, and proximity to Lisbon as advantages for people who can work from anywhere.

In 2026, around 39% of working adults in Great Britain work from home at least some of the time. About 12% work exclusively from home, while 25% follow a hybrid pattern combining home and workplace attendance^{[5]Source: Office for National Statistics — Public opinions and social trends, Great Britain: working arrangements}.

Over 280,000 UK nationals live in Spain. Britons choose Spain for its seaside lifestyle, warm Mediterranean climate, safety, and high-quality healthcare. Spain is a full member of the EU and has one of Europe’s most important economies.

Cost of living. Consumer prices in Spain, including rent, are around 40—50% lower than in the UK. In comparison, living in London, including housing, costs about 67% more than in Madrid, where a 1-bedroom city-centre apartment rents for around €900 per month.

Safety and lifestyle. Spain is safe and welcoming, especially in coastal areas. Its lifestyle includes a relaxed atmosphere, delicious cuisine, vibrant nightlife, and world-famous festivals.

Taxes in Spain. Tax rates vary by region and are divided between regional and state governments. Personal income tax is paid on a progressive scale at rates of 19—47%. Dividends and other income are taxed at rates of 19—30%.

Best ways to move to Spain from the UK. Spain Digital Nomad Visa allows non-EU remote workers to live and work in Spain. Digital nomads get 3-year residence permits, subject to extension for another 2 years. 

Applicants confirm working for a company outside Spain or having clients outside the country, with no more than 20% of income derived from Spanish clients. A minimum income requirement is €2,849 per month.

Spain Financially Independent Visa. Officially known as the Non-Lucrative Visa, this route allows Britons with passive income, such as pensions or investment income, to obtain a 1-year residence permit that can be renewed. Applicants must prove an income of at least €2,400 per month.

Portugal is a peaceful country with a high quality of life. It is one of the oldest nations in Europe, known for its history, culture, cuisine, and stunning beaches, and one of the easiest countries to move to from the UK.

Visa requirements for Britons. Portugal is among the most accessible European countries for immigration. UK citizens can visit Portugal for up to 90 days within 6 months without a visa. To stay longer, they need a residence permit. The Portugal Golden Visa is a popular option for UK citizens.

Cost of living. Consumer prices in Portugal are around 40—50% lower than in the UK, with an even wider gap between Lisbon and London.

As of 2026, the cost of renting a 1-bedroom apartment in the city center of Lisbon ranges from approximately €1,000 to 1,500 per month. In comparison, the UK shows higher rental prices, particularly in city centers like London, where costs are significantly higher.

Safety. Portugal ranks 7th on the 2026 Global Peace Index, making it one of the world’s safest countries. The locals are friendly and welcoming to expatriates, and families with children feel secure in the country.

Taxes. Portugal has a progressive income tax system with rates up to 48%. Income from foreign sources, such as dividends, is generally taxed at 28%. The UK and Portugal have a double taxation agreement, ensuring that certain income is not taxed in both countries.

Tax identification. Individuals liable to pay taxes in Portugal must obtain a tax number — Número de Identificação Fiscal, or NIF. It is also required for buying or selling property, opening a bank account, or signing long-term rental agreements.

Best ways to move to Portugal from the UK. The Portugal Golden Visa requires a minimum investment of €250,000. Popular investment options include:

• purchasing fund units for €500,000 or more;
• supporting art and culture for €250,000 or more.

The Digital Nomad Visa is designed for remote workers. To secure residence, applicants show a stable monthly income of at least €3,680 from remote work. Proof of accommodation in Portugal, such as a rental agreement, is required as well. 

Savings that should be demonstrated are calculated as 12 minimum wages in Portugal. In 2026, it’s €11,040.

The Portugal D7 Visa, or also known as a Passive Income Visa, aimed at those with stable passive income of at least €920 a month. 

After obtaining the visa, the holder applies for a residence permit in Portugal. It is initially valid for 2 years and can be renewed for another 3 years, leading to permanent residence after 5 years and citizenship after 10 years.

The Global Talent Programme offers another route to Portuguese residence for experienced professionals, entrepreneurs, and innovators. Applicants must hold at least a bachelor’s degree and have 3—5 years of professional experience.

The participation fee is €170,000 for a family of four. A spouse and children under the age of 26 may obtain residence permits together with the main applicant.

Malta offers an excellent quality of life, combining a Mediterranean climate, friendly locals, and a low crime rate. It is a popular destination for UK residents looking for a second home in Europe.

Cost of living. Consumer prices in Malta, including rent, are 10—15% lower than in the UK. Renting a 1-bedroom apartment in the city centre costs about €1,000 per month.

Safety. Malta is considered a low-risk destination. It is politically and socially stable, with minimal security concerns and low levels of non-violent crime. It is also regarded as one of the safest countries for LGBTQI+ individuals.

Taxes. Tax rates for individuals are progressive, ranging from 0 to 35%, depending on income. Corporate tax is fixed at 35%. 

To become a Malta tax resident, one must either live in Malta for over 183 days annually or participate in a government programme such as the Malta Global Residence Programme.

Best ways to move to Malta from the UK. Malta Global Residence Programme offers temporary residence through the purchase or rental of property and payment of the required fees. The minimum investment starts at around €34,150 when renting and €270,200 when purchasing.

Investors are not required to live in Malta, but they must not spend more than 183 days a year in any other single country. Under the programme, investors benefit from a special tax regime and pay:

• 15% on foreign income transferred to Malta, with a minimum annual tax of €15,000;
• 0% on foreign income not transferred to Malta;
• 35% on income earned in Malta.

The Malta Permanent Residence Programme provides residence rights for foreign nationals seeking alternative residence in an European country. The investment conditions include:

• renting or purchasing property in Malta;
• paying government fees;
• making a charitable donation to a Maltese organisation.

The minimum investment is €169,000 with the rental option and €474,000 with the property purchase.

Malta permanent residence is granted for life. However, the residence card must be renewed every 5 years.

Cyprus offers beautiful beaches, a Mediterranean climate, and a relaxed pace of life. It is on the IMF list of developed economies and provides high-quality healthcare with access to leading medical centres.

Cost of living. Consumer prices, excluding rent, are around 40—50% lower than in the UK and can be up to twice as low when comparing the capitals. Renting a 1-bedroom apartment in the city centre in Cyprus costs an average of €800 per month.

Safety. Cyprus is generally safe. However, its geographical location places it near regions affected by political instability. Petty crimes may occur, especially during holidays and summer.

Taxes. Cyprus has no tax on global income or inheritance. Property and income tax rates are low compared to the UK and other EU countries. The corporate tax rate is 15%, one of the lowest in Europe.

Tax residents are taxed on income accrued from all sources in Cyprus and abroad, with rates ranging from 0 to 35%, depending on income. 

Pension income can be taxed at a flat rate of 5% on amounts exceeding €3,420 annually. The first €3,420 is exempt from tax.

Best ways to move to Cyprus from the UK. One can obtain permanent residence in Cyprus by investing €300,000 or more in real estate or business. The permit is issued within 9 months and grants life-long status. 

The investment programme allows the holder to live in Cyprus and apply for citizenship after 8 years of residence.

Hungary, nestled in the heart of Central Europe, offers a compelling mix of cultural richness, historical significance, and modern convenience.

Cost of living. Life in Hungary is relatively affordable compared to the UK. The cost of living is quite manageable, with consumer prices in Budapest considerably lower than in London. For instance, renting a 1-bedroom apartment in the city centre can be as low as €500 per month.

Safety. Hungary is generally considered safe for both residents and tourists. The country has low crime rates, and major cities like Budapest are well-policed and secure.

Hungary’s central European location also shields it from the political instability seen in some neighboring regions, adding an extra layer of security for its inhabitants. The country ranks 15th in the 2026 Global Peace Index.

Taxes. Hungary’s tax system is favorable for individuals and businesses. It features a flat personal income tax rate of 15%, which simplifies the tax process and can be particularly advantageous for high earners.

Moreover, the corporate tax rate is highly competitive at just 9%, one of the lowest in Europe.

Best ways to move to Hungary from the UK. The Hungarian Golden Visa grants non-EU nationals a 10-year residence permit. Applicants can qualify by making a minimum investment of €250,000.

The process is efficient, with applications often processed within 5 months, allowing investors and their families to enjoy the benefits of residence.

The UAE offers a modern lifestyle with advanced infrastructure and efficient transport systems. Its strategic location makes it an ideal hub for global business.

Abu Dhabi and Dubai are the UAE’s largest emirates and serve as its main international and financial centres. According to the World Bank, the UAE’s GDP stands at $552 billion. Over the past 50 years, the country’s GDP has grown more than 50 times.

Cost of living. Consumer prices, including rent, are around 30% lower in Dubai than in the UK. Renting a 1-bedroom apartment in Dubai’s city centre costs about £2,000 monthly, compared to £3,000 in London.

Safety in the UAE. The UAE maintains impeccable safety standards through significant investments in its police and security services. It is one of the safest places to live and work.

Taxes in the UAE. The UAE is a tax haven, with exemptions for income, capital gains, inheritance, gifts, and property taxes. Corporate tax is 9% on taxable income above AED 375,000, or around £75,800, while income up to this threshold is taxed at 0%.

Benefits for businesses in Free Zones:

• no corporate taxes, VAT, or import/export taxes;
• special customs regimes;
• 100% foreign ownership rights for companies.

Most Free Zones are in Dubai, offering highly favourable conditions for investors looking to reduce their tax burden.

UAE residence permits for investors. Britons can obtain a UAE residence permit by real estate investment:

• 2-year residence permit: purchase property worth at least AED 2 million, or £433,120;
• 10-year residence permit: purchase property worth at least AED 750,000, or £162,400.

Residing in the UAE is not obligatory. Investors may visit the UAE once or twice a year to maintain their status.

Greece offers high levels of safety, excellent education opportunities, comprehensive healthcare options, and a dependable democratic legal system.

Cost of living. Consumer prices, including rent, are at least 50% lower than in the UK. Renting a 1-bedroom apartment in the city centre costs an average of €600.

Safety. Greece is one of the safest European countries, offering a relaxed and easy-going atmosphere. However, Athens has a notable crime rate, with areas like Exarchia and Omonia best avoided at night.

Taxes. Income tax rates in Greece vary:

• employment and pension income: 9—44%;
• business and professional income: 9—44%;
• dividends: 5%;
• interest: 15%;
• royalties: 20%.

The non-dom tax regime provides benefits for high-net-worth individuals moving their tax residence to Greece. Under this regime, investors pay a fixed annual tax of €100,000 on their worldwide income.

Best ways to move to Greece from the UK. Investors can qualify for the Greece Golden Visa with a minimum investment of €250,000. This threshold applies to properties purchased for renovation or conversion into residential use. For other real estate investments, the minimum is €400,000 or €800,000, depending on the location.

Approved applicants and their families obtain residence permits within 4+ months of applying.

Greece Financially Independent Visa. This route suits applicants who can support themselves through stable income from abroad, such as pensions, rental income, dividends, or other passive sources. Applicants must demonstrate a monthly income of at least €3,500 or, alternatively, savings of at least €126,000, equivalent to 3 years of the minimum income requirement.

The route grants an initial 3-year residence permit, and processing takes 4 months or more.

The United States offers robust opportunities for investment, a dynamic business environment, and access to world-class education and healthcare systems.

Cost of living. Consumer prices in states like Mississippi are significantly lower than in New York or California. Renting a 1-bedroom apartment in central Manhattan averages around $3,000, whereas in Austin, Texas, it might be closer to $1,500.

Safety. The US is generally safe, but safety can vary by city and neighborhood. Larger cities like Chicago and Los Angeles have areas with higher crime rates, while smaller towns and suburban areas typically offer a safer environment.

Taxes. The US has a progressive tax system. Federal income tax rates range from 10 to 37%, and state and local taxes vary by location. Capital gains are taxed between 0% and 20%.

Best ways to move to the USA from the UK. The EB-5 Visa is designed for investors seeking permanent residence in the US for themselves and their families. Applicants must invest at least $870,000 in a Targeted Employment Area or $1.8 million elsewhere and create at least 10 full-time jobs for US workers.

Austria is a prosperous European country known for its high quality of life, stunning natural landscapes, and strong economy.

Cost of living in Austria. Consumer prices, including rent, are 20% lower than in the UK. Renting a 1-bedroom apartment in the city centre costs about €1,000 per month.

Safety in Austria. Austria ranks among the top 10 most peaceful countries according to the 2026 Global Peace Index. The murder rate in 2025 was extremely low, with 74 murders recorded in a population of 9 million.

Austria has been recognised by the European Environment Agency for having the cleanest bathing water in Europe. Of its waters, 96.5% are rated excellent. Popular bathing spots include Achensee in Tyrol and Weissensee in Carinthia.

Taxes in Austria. The personal income tax rate is from 0% to 55%. Corporation tax — 23%, capital gains tax — 27.5% on investments.

Best ways to move to Austria from the UK. A financially independent person can apply for an Austrian residence permit by confirming a monthly income of €2,617 and providing proof of a sufficient bank deposit. 

The FIP residence permit allows one to live in Austria, requiring a minimum stay of 183 days per year. However, it does not permit employment in the country.

Moving to Switzerland means getting an excellent quality of life. It ranks among the best countries to move to from the UK. It is the residence of international organisations and is known for its multicultural society and its stable political environment.

Cost of living. Switzerland is the country with the highest cost of living in Europe. Zurich and Geneva are the most expensive cities. Consumer prices in Switzerland are 20% higher than in the UK, and renting a 1-bedroom apartment in a city centre is about €2,500 a month.

Safety. Switzerland ranks 3rd among the most peaceful countries according to the 2026 Global Peace Index. There is a low rate of serious crime in the country. However, the British Embassy has received increased reports of theft, especially in Geneva airport and on trains to and from Geneva. 

Taxes. Switzerland’s tax system has been shaped by the country's three levels of government: federal, cantonal, and municipal. 

Average tax rates cannot be calculated because of the multi-layered tax system. Taxes are calculated based on specific figures for specific cantons and municipalities.

The maximum overall rate of federal income tax is 11.5%. Cantonal and municipal income taxes are charged in addition and vary considerably by place of residence, bringing the highest combined income tax rates above 40% in some locations. Cantons and municipalities also levy an annual net wealth tax.

Best ways to move to Switzerland from the UK. Wealthy foreigners can obtain a Switzerland residence permit by paying a lump-sum tax. This permit requires the investor and their family to relocate to Switzerland but prohibits employment within the country. They may, however, manage capital or conduct business abroad.

Türkiye is situated at the crossroads of Asia and Europe, making it a key geo-strategic player internationally. Its well-established tradition of cooperation with the West contributes to its global significance.

Cost of living. Consumer prices, including rent, are 50% lower than in the UK. Renting a 1-bedroom apartment in the city centre costs an average of €700—1,000 per month.

Safety. Türkiye is generally safe for expats, and locals are known for their hospitality. In tourist areas, English-speaking staff are commonly found in shops and restaurants.

Taxes. Individuals pay income tax on a progressive scale of 15—40%, while corporate tax is fixed at 25%. Benefits of the Turkish tax system include:

• double taxation agreements with 92 countries;
• free zones where companies are exempt from income tax;
• VAT exemptions on new housing purchases.

Tax residence. Only those living in Türkiye for more than 6 months annually are considered tax residents. A residence permit or Turkish citizenship by investment allows for long-term stays in the country.

Best ways to move to Türkiye from the UK. Investors can obtain Turkish citizenship by investment by purchasing real estate worth $400,000 or more.

Property prices in Türkiye increase by 10—25% annually, making real estate a profitable investment.

When considering a move from the UK with a family, several countries stand out for their high quality of life, excellent healthcare, education systems, and family-friendly policies.

Canada

Canada consistently ranks as one of the top countries for quality of life, celebrated for its political stability, safety, and well-developed public services. It’s an appealing destination for families looking for a secure environment with a strong job market and educational opportunities.

Australia

Australia is another excellent choice, known for its vibrant lifestyle and high standards in education and healthcare. It offers a warm climate and a variety of outdoor and cultural activities that are ideal for family life.

Sweden

Sweden offers a robust welfare system and is highly regarded for its progressive social policies, including extensive parental leave and a strong emphasis on work-life balance. This makes it a great option for families prioritising a supportive community and social services.

Portugal

Portugal, with its mild climate and affordable living costs compared to other Western European countries, also ranks well in quality of life. It has a stable political system and is welcoming to migrants, making it a popular choice among expats.

Britons can participate in European investment programmes to obtain temporary or permanent residence. These programmes offer a pathway to living and working in various EU countries, providing access to benefits such as healthcare and education.

After maintaining residence for a set period, individuals can apply for citizenship by naturalisation. This process often requires passing exams on the country’s language, history, and culture to demonstrate integration.

Before departure, it helps to organise your documents, taxes, banking, insurance, driving arrangements, and any requirements for travelling with pets. This checklist covers the main practical steps to take before you leave the UK.

Сollect the documents

The complete list depends on the country, family composition, pets owned, and other personal circumstances. 

The standard list of documents includes:

1. Passport.
2. Visa, residence card.
3. Birth certificate.
4. National Insurance Number.
5. Biometrics card.
6. Medical records, including vaccination.
7. Driving licence.
8. Qualifications for job or work permit.
9. Social security cards.
10. Credit cards.

Contact a licensed agent

Immigrant Invest is a licensed agency qualified to assist UK citizens in obtaining residence abroad. Professional assistance is crucial as it provides peace of mind during the often turbulent times associated with relocating to another country.

Apply for visas

Individuals submit their applications through the appropriate embassy or consulate, ensuring that all required documentation is meticulously prepared and presented in accordance with the specific visa type being applied for.

Inform the government

When moving abroad, it is necessary to inform the tax authorities — HMRC in the UK. Failure to do so could lead to the requirement to pay additional taxes, which expatriates are typically exempt from. Additionally, one should contact the International Pension Centre.

Obtain your P85 form from Revenue and Customs. This form notifies the tax authorities that you are leaving the country and helps ensure taxation is correctly applied in each country. It's also necessary to inform your local council if you are moving or retiring abroad and provide them with your new address.

Monitor finances

Review your accounts and notify your banks that you are relocating abroad. Checking if your credit cards are valid for international operations is also crucial.

Discuss asset management with your financial advisor. It may be beneficial to register for a service that facilitates affordable international bank transfers.

Arrange health insurance

Check the requirements in your destination country and choose a policy that covers the period before you become eligible for the local healthcare system. In some countries, valid health insurance is also required when applying for a visa or residence permit.

Check documents for your pet

Since January 1st, 2021, pet passports are no longer valid in Europe for UK nationals pets owners. 

However, the European Commission has granted the UK a “part 2 listed status,” allowing pets to travel within EU borders as long as the owner obtains an animal health certificate, confirming that the pet is microchipped and vaccinated against rabies.

Change a driving licence

If planning to drive abroad, one must determine whether a new driving license is required. This depends on the destination country. For instance, the Portuguese government introduced legislation regarding driving licenses issued by OECD countries.

1. Approximately 1.3 million UK citizens currently reside in the EU, with Spain and Portugal being the top choices. This shift indicates a growing preference for living within the EU post-Brexit.
2. High taxes are contributing to an outflow of wealthy individuals from the UK. The non-dom regime was abolished in April 2025, ending many of its long-term tax advantages.
3. The rising costs of living — highlighted by increased energy bills, higher interest rates, and climbing prices for essentials like food and petrol — are prompting Britons to seek more affordable living conditions abroad.
4. Golden Visas have become a significant consideration for UK citizens looking to relocate or gain residence in other countries.
5. The minimum investment for UK investors to relocate to the EU is €250,000. Other routes, such as a Digital Nomad Visa, do not require an investment.