11 Easiest Countries to Move to from the US: Updated List

Rising costs, political divisions, and quality-of-life considerations are pushing many Americans to seek new opportunities abroad in countries that offer greater stability, safety, and affordability.

1. Cost of living

Many Americans choose countries where living costs are lower than in the US. In Mexico, Portugal, Spain, or Greece, daily expenses for housing, food, and transport are much lower compared to major US cities.

In the US, monthly living costs range from $2,000 to 5,000, depending on the location. In Greece, Mexico, Spain, and Portugal, living expenses in smaller cities start at $700, while in capitals, they can reach $1,800.

2. Political environment

The US political climate often drives citizens to seek stability elsewhere. Polarization and unpredictability during elections or political upheavals are common concerns. Countries like Canada, Germany, and Australia, known for their political stability, are attractive alternatives.

3. Safety

Safety is a significant factor for Americans moving abroad. Concerns over gun violence and crime rates often lead individuals to countries with lower crime rates and a stronger sense of security.

The Global Peace Index 2025 ranks the US 128th among 163 countries, while Portugal, New Zealand, and Canada are in the top 15^[2]

Source: Full text of the Global Peace Index 2025 report

4. Taxes

High US taxes, particularly for high-income earners, are another reason for relocation. The US personal income tax rate reaches 37%, while Costa Rica and Panama offer rates up to 25%.

Some countries provide tax incentives for non-EU investors. In Greece, for instance, non-EU residents can pay a flat €100,000 tax on global income. Without this exemption, Greece taxes global income on a progressive scale of up to 45%.

5. Healthcare

While the US boasts cutting-edge medical technology, many Americans feel burdened by the lack of a government-funded system and the high cost of healthcare and insurance.

In the US, private insurance premiums range from $400 to 1,200 per month for an individual, depending on coverage and location. In European countries like Portugal, Spain, and Greece, similar premiums cost between €50 and 150 per month.

Countries with the best healthcare systems include Asian nations, Scandinavian countries, Germany, Australia, and Canada ranking in the top 10 among 110 countries^[3]

Source: According to the 2025 CEOWORLD Health Care Index

6. Business opportunities

For entrepreneurs and business professionals, the US can be both a land of opportunity and intense competition. Many look abroad for more favorable conditions to start a business, where taxes are lower, regulations are more relaxed, or the market is less saturated.

Entrepreneurs moving to Europe can expand their business to a unified European Union market, which has approximately 450 million consumers.

Several countries provide residence permits for international entrepreneurs. For instance, the Portugal Startup Visa grants residency for establishing a business. Similarly, Italy and Hungary allow foreign investors to obtain residency through business ventures.

7. Climate and pace of life

Climate and lifestyle significantly impact well-being and satisfaction. Countries like Spain and Greece offer mild, warm weather year-round, unlike the extremes often seen in the US.

Portugal is particularly praised by Americans for its ‘excellent beaches, beautiful scenery, and fantastic weather, ’ according to the Expat Insider Survey^[4]

Source: InterNations: Expat Insider 2023

European and Latin American countries often feature a slower, family-focused pace of life. This contrasts with the US culture, which emphasises long working hours and productivity.

Portugal, Spain, Malta, Germany, Australia, New Zealand, Greece, Mexico, Panama, Canada, and Costa Rica are among the easiest destinations for Americans to settle abroad. Several factors make these countries appealing.

1. The presence of American expat communities plays a significant role, as these networks provide a sense of familiarity and support for newcomers.

2. Countries with accessible residency options are prioritized, offering straightforward legal pathways for individuals seeking to settle abroad.

3. Proximity to the US is also an important consideration, focusing on destinations with short travel times and direct flight options.

4. Countries where English is widely spoken or an official language were highlighted, as this greatly simplifies communication and daily navigation.

5. Rankings from the Expat Insider Survey were used to highlight countries where settling in is made easier due to welcoming cultures, reliable services, and community integration opportunities.

6. US driving licenses exchange is another essential factor, simplifying the transition to everyday life.

Portugal consistently ranks among the top EU destinations for American expats, combining accessible residency pathways, political stability, and Mediterranean lifestyle at a significantly lower cost than the US.

US expats

At the end of 2024, there were 19,258 US citizens residing in Portugal out of a total foreign-resident population of around 1.5 million^[5]

Source: According to the report by AIMA, the Agency for Integration, Migration and Asylum in Portugal

Numerous expat groups cater to Americans, such as Expats in Lisbon and Americans in Portugal. The American Club of Portugal offers networking events and support for US citizens.

Location

Portugal is in southwestern Europe, bordered by Spain and the Atlantic Ocean. A direct flight from the US to Lisbon takes 7—9 hours, with seasonal flights to Porto. Ticket prices for one-way direct flight start at around $700.

Cost of living

Portugal is one of the EU’s most affordable countries. A single person needs at least $700 per month for living expenses, with rent ranging from $800 to 1,700 depending on the property size and location.

Living costs are highest in Lisbon, Porto, and popular coastal areas such as the Algarve, particularly in tourist hotspots. More affordable options can be found in smaller cities and inland regions, including Braga, Coimbra, Évora, and parts of central and northern Portugal.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirements. US citizens can stay in Portugal and the wider Schengen area for up to 90 days within a 180-day period without a visa.

Residency options. What makes Portugal one of the easiest countries for Americans to immigrate to is its residency options for investors, digital nomads, financially independent people, and entrepreneurs. All residency programs allow Americans to move with their families.

Foreigners with passive income, such as pensioners, can obtain the Portugal D7 Visa for financially independent people. 

Applicants must prove a monthly income of at least €920, equal to the minimum wage in Portugal. For additional family members, the income requirement rises by 50% for an adult and 30% for a child. Eligible dependents include a spouse, children under 21, and parents.

Entrepreneurs can obtain the Portugal Startup Visa to open a company without mandatory investments. Applicants are required to provide a business plan and open a startup in collaboration with a Portuguese business incubator. They must also secure housing by purchasing or renting property and confirm savings equal to 12 minimum wages, which amounts to €11,040 in 2026.

Americans working remotely can take advantage of the Portugal Digital Nomad Visa. It is tailored for freelancers, employees of foreign companies, self-employed individuals, and entrepreneurs. Family members can also qualify, including a spouse, children under 30, and parents.

In 2026, applicants must demonstrate a monthly income of €3,680+ and savings of €11,040+, which depend on the minimum wage and change every year. Additional savings of 50% per spouse or parent and 30% per child are required. Digital nomads must also secure housing in Portugal.

Portugal ranks among the top 10 countries for digital nomads^[7]

Source: According to the Digital Nomad Index by VisaGuide

Investors contributing to the Portuguese economy can obtain temporary residence under the Portugal Golden Visa.The minimum investment starts at €250,000 for arts and cultural heritage restoration. The most popular option is investing €500,000, in fund units.

The Portugal Golden Visa is sought after by US investors, with 406 approved applications in 2024^[5]

Source: According to the report by AIMA, the Agency for Integration, Migration and Asylum in Portugal

Driving license 

Americans may exchange their US driving license for a Portuguese one within 60 days of establishing residency. The process requires proof of residency, a vision test, and submission of the original US license to the relevant authority. No driving examination is required for most US citizens.

Long-term prospects

Portugal changed its nationality law in May 2026, so now Portuguese citizenship is available after 10 years of legal residency or after 7 years for EU citizens and nationals of Portuguese-speaking countries. Applicants must pass a basic Portuguese language test at A2 level, pass exams on Portuguese culture, history, and the political system, submit a written declaration of commitment to democratic principles, and demonstrate ties to the Portuguese community. 

Portugal permits dual citizenship, meaning Americans do not need to renounce their US passport. Children born in Portugal to parents who have held a residence permit for at least 5 years prior to birth acquire Portuguese citizenship at birth.

Remarkable benefits

Portugal is also one of the world’s safest countries, ranking 7th out of 163^[2]

Source: Full text of the Global Peace Index 2025 report

Legal residents of Portugal are entitled to access the National Health Service, SNS, on the same terms as Portuguese nationals. Private health insurance premiums are a fraction of US equivalents, typically €50—150 per month for comprehensive individual cover.

When considering what countries are easiest to move to from the US, Mexico consistently tops the list. It combines physical proximity, cultural familiarity, a generous tourist stay, and an accessible residency pathway for financially independent individuals. 

US expats

Mexico hosts the largest American expat population globally. 67.8% of all foreign-born residents in the country were born in the United States, based on the ENADID, Mexican National Survey of Demographic Dynamics, 2023 survey^[8]

Source: Full text of the ENADID report

According to the InterNations Expat Insider 2025 survey^[9]

Source: InterNations: Mexico’s overview

Location

Mexico’s proximity to the US, along with direct flights and short travel times, makes it one of the easiest countries for Americans to move to. A flight from Los Angeles to Mexico City takes about 4 hours, while traveling from Miami to Cancun takes approximately 1.5 to 2 hours. Ticket prices typically range from $100 to 400.

Cost of living

Mexico is much more affordable than the US, with housing, food, healthcare, and services being generally much less expensive than in the United States, allowing for a comfortable lifestyle at a lower cost. For everyday expenses, one person needs around $600 per month. Apartment rent costs $400 to $1,100 per month, depending on the size and location of the property.

Living costs are highest in major cities and popular expat destinations such as Mexico City, Playa del Carmen, Tulum, and Los Cabos. More affordable options can be found in inland and smaller cities, including Mérida, Oaxaca, Guanajuato, and Querétaro.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirements. US citizens can stay in Mexico for up to 180 days without a visa.

Residency option. Americans who wish to live in Mexico can apply for a Temporary Resident Visa, most commonly based on financial solvency. Financial requirements vary by consulate, but recent published thresholds include approximately $4,630 in monthly income or around $78,025 in savings^[10]

Source: Official guidelines by the Consulate of Mexico in Las Vegas

Driving license

US citizens can use their valid US driving license in Mexico during the first 90 days after obtaining residency. After 90 days, residents are required to obtain a Mexican one. In most cases, Americans can convert their license without taking a driving test, although they may still need to provide standard documents such as proof of residency, identification, and pay the applicable fees. 

Procedures can vary slightly by state, so it is advisable to check local requirements in advance.

Long-term prospects

In Mexico, citizenship can be obtained after 5 years of living in the country. Applicants first hold temporary residence for up to 4 years, after which they transition to permanent residence. 

To be eligible for citizenship, foreigners must demonstrate basic knowledge of the Spanish language, as well as an understanding of Mexican history and culture. They must also show proof of legal residence and have no serious criminal record.

Mexico allows dual citizenship, so US nationals are not required to renounce their original nationality.

Remarkable benefit

Foreigners are allowed to purchase property in Mexico. In most parts of the country, ownership is direct.

In the restricted zone, which extends 50 kilometres from the coast and 100 kilometres from international borders, property is typically acquired through a bank trust. This allows foreigners to hold, use, sell, and transfer property rights.

The process of buying property typically takes 30 to 60 days.

Malta attracts expats with English as an official language, a Mediterranean lifestyle, and a direct permanent residency programme. As of 2024, the country was home to around 170,000 foreigners^[11]

Source: Malta National Statistics Office: Demography and Population statistics

US expats

Malta hosts a small but active community of US expats. Social groups like the Facebook community ‘Americans in Malta’ provide a platform for expats to share information, advice, and experiences about living in the country.

Location

Malta is a small island nation situated in the central Mediterranean Sea, south of Italy, east of Tunisia, and north of Libya.

Flights from major US cities to Malta take 9 to 12 hours, with no direct options. Most flights include at least one stopover, typically in Europe. Ticket prices for one-way flights range from $400 to 1,000, depending on the departure city, airline, and booking time. Prices are higher during peak travel seasons.

Cost of living

Malta is slightly cheaper than the US, though housing costs can be relatively high due to limited supply and strong expat demand. A single person typically spends $950—1,150 per month, while a family of four needs about $3,100—3,600 excluding rent. 

Rent averages $1,000—1,300 for a 1-bedroom apartment and $1,600—2,500 for a 3-bedroom apartment, particularly in Sliema, St Julian’s, and Valletta. More affordable housing can be found in southern Malta and on the island of Gozo. 

While services and healthcare are reasonably priced, imported goods and utilities can increase overall living expenses.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirement. Under Schengen Area rules, US citizens can stay in Malta for up to 90 days within a 180-day period without a visa. For longer stays, a residence permit is required.

Residency option. Foreigners can obtain lifelong residency in Malta in exchange for investment under the Malta Permanent Residence Programme, MPRP.

Applicants must meet several requirements, including rent or purchase of real estate, payment of government fees, and donations.

In case of renting real estate, investors need to sign a lease agreement for at least 5 years. Minimum rental cost is €14,000 per annum. If applicants choose to purchase a property, it must cost at least €375,000.

Other fees for both options include:

• contribution fee — €37,000; 
• administrative fee — €60,000, plus €7,500 per adult family member, except for the spouse;
• charitable donation — €2,000.

Investors must confirm assets of at least €500,000, including €150,000 in liquid financial assets. Alternatively, they can confirm €650,000 in total assets, with €75,000 in liquid financial assets.

Family members, including a spouse, children under 29, parents, and grandparents, can also qualify for permanent residency.

Long-term prospects

Under the MPRP, investors are granted permanent residence from the outset, without a temporary permit stage. With permanent residence, they can live in Malta indefinitely, open bank accounts, access healthcare, study at local universities, and run businesses in the country. Working requires a separate work permit.

Driving license

Americans can drive in Malta using a valid US driving license for up to 12 months from the date of their entry into the country. After 12 months, drivers are required to obtain a Maltese one. The US is not among the countries whose licenses can be directly exchanged, so applicants should be prepared to follow the standard licensing procedure, which may include both theory and practical tests.

Remarkable benefits

English being one of the official languages simplifies life for US expats. It makes navigating bureaucracy, understanding legal and governmental processes, and communicating with locals much easier.

Malta is also known for its safety, ranking 12th out of 180 countries^[12]

Source: Philtr’s ranking of the safest countries

Spain is especially attractive for remote workers, as it offers the Digital Nomad Visa and a favourable flat-tax regime. It is also attractive for its lower cost of living and high quality of life.

US expats

Spain is home to approximately 57,000 US citizens^[13]

Source: According to the Spain’s National Statistics Institute

Location

Spain is in southwestern Europe, occupying most of the Iberian Peninsula. It is bordered by Portugal to the west, France and Andorra to the northeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south and east.

Flight times from the US vary, with New York to Madrid taking about 7 hours and Los Angeles to Madrid around 10 hours. One-way tickets range from $400 to 1,000, depending on booking time and season.

Cost of living

Spain is approximately 25% cheaper than the US. A single person spends around $800—950 per month, while a family of four requires $2,900—3,200 excluding rent. 

Depending on location, rent ranges from $800—1,050 for a 1-bedroom apartment and $1,200—1,700 for a 3-bedroom apartment. Madrid, Barcelona, and the Balearic Islands are the most expensive areas, while Valencia, Seville, and Granada provide significantly lower living costs. 

Spain benefits from relatively low grocery prices, affordable public transport, and reasonably priced healthcare, especially outside major urban centres.

Visa-free stays and residency options

Visa requirement. Under the Schengen Area rules, US citizens can stay in Spain for up to 90 days within a 180-day period without a visa.

Residency options. US expats working remotely for foreign companies, as sole proprietors, or as self-employed professionals can apply for the Digital Nomad Visa.

The main requirement is earning at least €2,849 per month while working remotely. Applicants must be graduates of a recognised university or professional school, or demonstrate at least 3 years of relevant professional experience. Securing rented or bought real estate in Spain is also required.

Alternatively, US citizens can apply for the Non-Lucrative Visa if they have sufficient passive income or savings to support themselves without employment in Spain. Applicants must demonstrate stable financial means of at least €28,880 per year, along with private health insurance and proof of accommodation in the country.

Both residence options are issued in around 4 months and allow inclusion of family members.

Long-term prospects

Applying for Spanish citizenship is generally available after 10 years of legal residence. Applicants must pass Spanish language, DELE A2, and cultural knowledge, CCSE, exams. 

Spain does not allow dual citizenship with the US, which means Americans are required to renounce their original nationality upon naturalisation.

Driving license

US citizens residing in Spain can use their US driving license for the first 6 months after becoming resident. Once the 6-month period ends, drivers are expected to obtain a Spanish one. 

As the United States is not on the list of countries with license exchange agreements, a direct swap is generally not possible. In most cases, applicants will need to go through the standard licensing process, which can include both theoretical and practical exams.

Remarkable benefits

Spain provides excellent living conditions, ranking 16th out of 89 countries in the Quality of Life Index 2025^[15]

Source: Numbeo database: Quality of Life Index by Country 2026

Digital nomads might benefit from a fixed income tax rate of 24% for annual incomes up to €600,000. Income above this amount is taxed at 45%. The Spain Digital Nomad Visa is one of the few that allows remote professionals to work in Spain, provided that the income from Spanish sources does not exceed 20% of their total earnings.

US citizens moving to Panama may find the country especially attractive thanks to its US dollar-denominated economy and territorial tax system, which exempts foreign-source income. It is also considered one of the easiest countries for Americans to move to for retirement.

US expats

Most Americans reside in Panama City, coastal areas like Coronado and Gorgona, and the mountain town of Boquete. In the Expat Insider 2025 survey, Panama ranks among the top countries for ease of settling in and 1st globally for finding friends^[16]

Source: According to the Expat Insider 2025 survey by InterNations

Location

Panama is geographically close to the US, with direct flights connecting cities like Miami, New York, and Los Angeles to Panama City. Flight times range from 3.5 to 5 hours, with ticket prices between $75 and 350, depending on the departure and arrival cities.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirement. US citizens can stay in Panama as tourists for up to 180 days without a visa.

Residency options. Pensionado Visa is a residency program designed for retirees, allowing them to live in Panama indefinitely. Applicants must provide proof of a monthly income of at least $1,000 from a government program or private corporation.

The Pensionado programme provides visa holders with discounts on services like medical care, transport, and entertainment, such as:

• 50% discount on entrance to movie theaters, cultural and sporting events, at hotels during Monday to Thursday;
• 25% discounts on utility bills, on airline tickets;
• 15% off dental and eye exams.

For high-net-worth individuals, Panama offers the Qualified Investor Visa.

Applicants can qualify by making one of the following investments:

• $300,000 in real estate;
• $500,000 in securities through a licensed brokerage;
• $750,000 fixed-term bank deposit for five years.

The Qualified Investor Visa grants permanent residence immediately, without a provisional period, which makes it one of the fastest residency pathways in Latin America. Applicants can include family members and are not required to reside in Panama full-time.

Cost of living

Panama is about 20—25% cheaper than the US. A single person spends around $800—950 per month, while a family of four needs approximately $2,700—3,100 excluding rent. 

Rent ranges from $800—1,300 for a 1-bedroom apartment and $1,300—2,100 for a 3-bedroom apartment, with Panama City being the most expensive area. More affordable living can be found in David, Boquete, and smaller inland towns.

While services and healthcare are reasonably priced, imported goods and electricity costs can be relatively high.

Long-term prospects

Citizenship in Panama is generally available after five years of permanent residence. Applicants must show basic Spanish proficiency and knowledge of Panamanian history and civics. 

Panama allows dual citizenship in practice, although it is not always explicitly recognised in law, so Americans usually retain their US citizenship.

Driving license 

US citizens can drive in Panama with a valid US driving license for up to 90 days after entering the country. 

After 90 days, drivers are required to obtain a Panamanian one. Usually, this can be done by exchanging a valid foreign license without taking theoretical or practical driving tests. However, the process involves document verification, including proof of legal stay, identity documents, and certification of the original license, as well as payment of applicable fees.

Remarkable benefits

Panama’s use of the US dollar as its official currency eliminates the need for currency exchange, simplifying financial management for Americans.

The country’s territorial tax system ensures that income earned outside Panama is not taxed. Personal income tax rates range from 0 to 25%^[17]

Source: Worldwide Tax Summaries: Taxes on personal income in Panama

By comparison, US federal income tax rates range from 10 to 37%^[18]

Source: Internal Revenue Service: Federal income tax rates and brackets

The International Living 2026 ranked Panama as the second best retirement destination, only topped by Greece^[19]

Source: International Living: Annual Global Retirement Index

Greece offers a well-established Golden Visa programme, a favourable flat tax regime for high-net-worth residents, and a cost of living well below most Western European comparators. All of these combined makes the country a strong choice for American investors and retirees.

US expats

Greece is home to a small but growing American expat community, with many US citizens living in Athens, Thessaloniki, and popular islands such as Crete and Corfu. 

Active communities such as Americans in Greece and Digital Nomads & Expats in Athens provide networking opportunities, local advice, and support for newcomers, making integration easier.

Location

Greece is in southeastern Europe, bordered by Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, and Türkiye. Direct flights from the US to Greece take between 9 and 11 hours, depending on the departure city and flight path. One-way ticket prices start at approximately $600—700, depending on the season.

Cost of living

Greece is one of the most affordable destinations in the EU, being around 1.5 cheaper than the US. A single person typically spends $700—850 per month, and a family of four needs around $2,400—2,700 excluding rent. 

Rent is relatively low, averaging $450—650 for a 1-bedroom apartment and $750—1,050 for a 3-bedroom apartment. Athens and popular islands such as Mykonos and Santorini are significantly more expensive, especially during peak tourist seasons, while Thessaloniki and mainland areas offer much lower costs.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirement. US citizens can stay in Greece for up to 90 days within a 180-day period without a visa for tourism or business purposes. This is permitted under the Schengen Area agreement, to which Greece belongs.

Residency option. Investors can obtain temporary residence in Greece by contributing at least €250,000 to the country’s economy under the Greece Golden Visa.

The most popular investment options include:

• purchase of real estate for €250,000+;
• purchase of fund units for €350,000+;
• bank deposit of €500,000+.

Residence permits are issued within 4 months. Investor’s family members, including a spouse, children under 21, and parents, can also qualify for residence permits.

Demand for the Greece Golden Visa from US investors has been rising rapidly in recent years. Interest among Americans increased by over 50% in late 2024^[20]

Source: According to Schengen.News

Driving license

Americans can drive in Greece using their US driving license for up to 185 days. After this period, a Greek driver’s license is required.

To convert a US license to a Greek one, the process must begin in the US at the Greek Consulate corresponding to the applicant’s last US residence. The applicant must obtain a statement from their state’s Department of Motor Vehicles verifying that their license has not been suspended or revoked.

Depending on the state of issuance and existing agreements, some US license holders may need to pass a driving test in Greece.

Long-term prospects

Americans can apply for Greek citizenship after 7 years of legal residence in the country. They must pass exams proving Greek language proficiency at B1 level, as well as knowledge of Greek history and culture. 

Greece allows dual citizenship, so US nationals can keep both passports.

Remarkable benefits

Investors who become tax residents in Greece can benefit from a flat tax of €100,000 on their global income. Without this exemption, the standard income tax rate of up to 45% applies.

According to the International Living 2026^[19]

Source: International Living: Annual Global Retirement Index

Canada is one of the most natural choices for Americans who want cultural continuity alongside a clear residency pathway, sharing a language, a land border, and many institutional similarities with the US.

US expats 

Canada hosts one of the largest American expat communities globally, with only Mexico having a larger US population. Social groups like Americans Living in Canada focus on expatriate issues, including taxes and voting rights. The American Women’s Club of Toronto connects American women through events, social activities, and philanthropic efforts.

Location

Canada’s close proximity to the US ensures shorter travel times, making it easier to visit family and friends or maintain business ties. The cultural, linguistic, and time zone similarities between the two countries further ease the transition, minimizing the challenges of adjusting to a new environment.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirement. Americans can stay in Canada for up to six months without a visa for tourism, business, or leisure purposes. For longer stays, various residency options are available.

Residency options. Canada offers several residency options to Americans wishing to move there:

1. Canada’s Express Entry offers permanent residency to skilled workers through a points-based system. Eligibility is based on age, education, and work experience. US citizens in tech, healthcare, engineering, and trades often have a competitive advantage.
2. The Family Class Sponsorship program secures permanent residence to US citizens with close relatives who are Canadian citizens or permanent residents willing to act as sponsors.
3. Startup Visa provides permanent residency to innovative entrepreneurs who secure support from a designated Canadian venture capital fund, angel investor group, or business incubator.

Under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, USMCA, US citizens with job offers in sectors like technology, healthcare, and engineering can more easily apply for work visas in Canada. The agreement simplifies the application process, reducing bureaucratic delays and enabling faster access to the Canadian workforce. 

Foreigners applying under the agreement, receive temporary work permits that do not directly lead to permanent residency. However, this permit can be converted to another residency type, such as Express Entry, to access a pathway to permanent residency.

Cost of living

Canada’s cost of living can be slightly higher than the US, particularly when housing is included. 

A single person spends around $1,100—1,300 per month, while a family of four needs $3,700—4,200 excluding rent. 

Rent averages $1,500—2,100 for a 1-bedroom apartment and $2,400—3,400 for a 3-bedroom apartment, especially in Toronto and Vancouver, which are among the most expensive cities in North America. More affordable destinations include Calgary, Edmonton, and smaller cities. 

Groceries and services can be expensive, but high salaries and strong public infrastructure help offset costs.

Long-term prospects

Canadian citizenship can be obtained after 3 years of physical presence within a 5-year period. Applicants must demonstrate English or French proficiency and pass a citizenship test on knowledge of history and constitution. Canada allows dual citizenship, so Americans can keep both nationalities. 

For US citizens, language requirements are usually automatically met without a formal exam, as English is their native language.

Driving license

Canada has reciprocal agreements with certain US states, enabling US citizens to exchange their driver’s license for a Canadian one without the need for written or road tests. However, some provinces, such as Quebec and Nova Scotia, may require applicants to pass a written or road test to complete the exchange process.

Remarkable benefits

One major advantage for US expats is that English is one of Canada’s official languages. This facilitates easy communication, seamless work integration, and smoother daily interactions without the need to learn a new language.

Canada also offers a safe environment, ranking 14th out of 163 countries in the Global Peace Index 2025^[2]

Source: Full text of the Global Peace Index 2025 report

New Zealand offers a peaceful, English-speaking environment along with practical residency pathways for skilled workers and entrepreneurs. This makes it a distinctive option for Americans who prioritise safety and natural surroundings over proximity to the US.

US expats 

New Zealand is home to a small but established expat community. In Auckland, the country’s largest city, neighbourhoods such as Ponsonby, Grey Lynn, and Herne Bay are popular among expats, including Americans. Social groups like the American Club — Auckland NZ provide opportunities for networking and community engagement.

Location 

New Zealand is an island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia. It comprises two main islands and numerous smaller ones.

Flights from the US to New Zealand take 12 to 16 hours, depending on the departure city. One-way economy tickets range from $600 to 1,200, with prices varying by season and booking time.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirement. Americans can stay in New Zealand for up to 90 days for tourism or business purposes without a visa.

Residency options. For stays exceeding 90 days, foreigners can explore several pathways to residency:

1. The Skilled Migrant Visa. To be eligible, applicants must meet a points-based system that considers factors such as age, work experience, and qualifications. A job offer in New Zealand is required to earn points.
2. The Entrepreneur Visa. This option is designed for foreigners intending to start or invest in a business in New Zealand. Applicants must demonstrate their ability to create jobs and contribute to the economy.
3. The Work to Residence Visa. This residence option is targeted at individuals with job offers in skill shortage occupations, such as registered nurses, construction project managers, or software developers.
4. Family Sponsorship. It is available to US applicants with family members who are New Zealand citizens or residents.

US expats entering under the Skilled Migrant Visa, Entrepreneur Visa, or Work to Residence Visa are initially granted temporary status for 2—3 years. After this period, they can apply for permanent residency. The Family Sponsorship option grants immediate permanent residence.

Cost of living

New Zealand is only slightly cheaper than the US overall, though housing costs remain relatively high. A single person spends about $1,100—1,300 per month, and a family of four needs around $3,700—4,100. 

Rent ranges from $1,400—1,900 for a 1-bedroom apartment and $2,300—3,200 for a 3-bedroom apartment. Auckland and Wellington are the most expensive cities in New Zealand. Smaller towns and rural areas offer more affordable living. 

Groceries and imported goods tend to be expensive due to geographic isolation.

Long-term prospects

Citizenship in New Zealand may be granted after 5 years of residence in the country. During this period, they must spend a minimum of 240 days per year in the country. Applicants must show basic English proficiency and be of good character. For Americans, proof of English is generally not required through formal testing.

New Zealand allows dual citizenship, so US nationals can retain their passports. 

Driving license

Americans can drive in New Zealand for up to 12 months without exchanging their US license. After this period, they must apply for a New Zealand driver’s license. Depending on their age and experience, applicants may need to take a theory test and, in some cases, a practical driving test.

Remarkable benefits

English, one of New Zealand’s official languages alongside Māori and New Zealand Sign Language, is the primary language used in government, business, and education. It is widely spoken across the country, making daily life easier for US expats.

New Zealand performs strongly across multiple global rankings, reflecting its high quality of life, safety, and institutional strength:

1. 3rd in the Global Peace Index 2025[2]

   Source: Full text of the Global Peace Index 2025 report

   , making it one of the safest countries in the world.
2. 99/100 score for political rights and civil liberties, among the highest globally[23]

   Source: Freedom in the World 2025 report by Freedom House: New Zealand’s overview

   .
3. Among the top 15 countries for quality of life, with strong performance in income, health, environmental quality, and life satisfaction[15]

   Source: Numbeo database: Quality of Life Index by Country 2026

   .
4. 4th globally in the Corruption Perceptions Index 2024, highlighting very low levels of corruption[24]

   Source: Transparency International: Corruption Perceptions Index 2024

   .

Auckland, consistently listed among the top 10 best cities worldwide^[25]

Source: Mercer: Quality of Living City Ranking 2024

Costa Rica’s established US expat community and accessible programmes for pensioners and individuals with passive income make it a popular choice for American retirees and lifestyle-driven emigrants. It is one of the easiest countries to move to from the US, especially for those seeking warm weather and a welcoming community.

US expats 

120,000 US citizens live in Costa Rica. Many Americans live in San José, the Central Valley, and coastal regions such as Guanacaste, attracted by the country’s climate, lifestyle, and established expat networks.

The country ranks 7th as one of the easiest places to settle and make friends.

Location

Costa Rica is a Central American country bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the south, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and the Caribbean Sea to the east.

Flights from major US cities to Costa Rica take approximately 3.5 to 5 hours. One-way ticket prices range from $100 to 350.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirement. US citizens can stay in the country for up to 90 days without a visa. 

Residency options. For stays longer than 90 days, Costa Rica provides residency programs like the Pensionado Program for retirees and the Rentista Program for those with stable passive incomes.

Under the Pensionado Program, applicants must show a minimum monthly income of $1,000 from government-approved sources such as pensions or social security. This permit allows retirees to live indefinitely in Costa Rica and import household goods and one vehicle tax-free.

The Rentista Program requires proof of a stable monthly income of $2,500 from sources like self-employment or business income. Alternatively, applicants can deposit $60,000 into a Costa Rican bank as evidence of financial stability. Participants can also import household goods and a car tax-free.

After holding residency for at least seven years under either program, expats are eligible to apply for Costa Rican citizenship.

Cost of living

Costa Rica is approximately 15—20% cheaper than the US, though living costs vary significantly by region and lifestyle. A single person typically spends $1,000 per month, while a family of four needs about $3,000—3,400. 

Rent averages $700—1,200 for a 1-bedroom apartment and $1,300—2,200 for a 3-bedroom apartment, with higher prices in coastal and tourist areas such as Guanacaste. San José is also relatively expensive. Inland areas such as Braga, Coimbra, Viseu, and Évora, offer significantly better value.

Long-term prospects

In Costa Rica, citizenship is available after 7 years of legal residence. Applicants must pass a test demonstrating Spanish language ability and knowledge of Costa Rican history and values. 

Costa Rica allows dual citizenship, so US citizens can retain their original nationality.

Driving license

US citizens can drive in Costa Rica with a valid US driving license for the duration of their legal stay in the country, which is often up to 90 days for tourists. If they obtain legal status in Costa Rica or apply for it, they may exchange their foreign license for an equivalent Costa Rican one. 

The law exempts applicants from the basic road safety course and the practical driving test, although document checks and other official requirements still apply. The process requires proof of legal status, a valid foreign license, a passport, and a local medical certificate, as well as payment of applicable fees.

Remarkable benefit

Costa Rica places a strong emphasis on personal freedom, ranking 19th out of 167 countries worldwide in this category in the Legatum Prosperity Index^[26]

Source: Legatum Prosperity Index: Costa Rica’s profile

The country’s long-standing political stability and its decision to abolish the military further reinforce its commitment to democratic governance and individual freedoms.

Australia’s English-speaking environment, stable institutions, and multiple skilled-worker visa pathways make it a strong destination for Americans seeking high quality of life. Despite its distance from the US, it remains an attractive option for relocation.

US expats

Australia hosts a well-established American expat community of around 100,000—110,000 residents. Social groups like Americans in Sydney provide regular meet-ups, cultural events, and networking opportunities for US expats.

Location

Australia is a vast island nation and continent located in the Southern Hemisphere, bordered by the Indian Ocean to the west, the Pacific Ocean to the east, and situated southeast of Asia.

Direct flights connect major US cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, and New York to Australian cities such as Sydney and Melbourne. Flight times range from 14 to 16 hours, with ticket prices varying from $300 to 750, depending on the season.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirement. US citizens can stay in Australia for up to 90 days without a visa.
Residency options. Australia provides several residency pathways. The Skilled Migration Visa is tailored for workers in high-demand sectors such as software engineering, nursing, construction project management, and electrical work. Applicants must be under 45 years old and meet a points-based threshold, which considers age, education, work experience, and language proficiency.

Employer-Sponsored Visas are another option for US citizens with job offers from Australian employers in fields facing skill shortages, such as healthcare, finance, or engineering. Employers must demonstrate that no local worker can fill the position.

Both visa options allow expats to gain temporary or permanent residency.

Cost of living

In terms of cost of living, Australia is similar to the US. However, in major metropolitan areas, Sydney, Melbourne, and Canberra, where housing costs are highest, it can be more expensive. Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide offer relatively lower costs. 

For a month, a single person typically spends $1,300—1,500, while a family of four needs around $4,100—4,700. Rent averages $1,800—2,400 for a 1-bedroom apartment and $3,000—4,000 for a 3-bedroom apartment, depending on the location. 

Long-term prospects

Australian citizenship is generally available after four years of residence, including at least one year as a permanent resident. Applicants must demonstrate basic English proficiency and pass a citizenship test on Australian values and history. In practice, US citizens are usually not required to take a separate English test.

Australia allows dual citizenship, so Americans can keep both passports. 

Driving license

US citizens can drive in Australia on their US license for up to three months. After this period, they must apply for a local license, a process that typically does not require retaking driving tests, although a vision test may be needed.

Remarkable benefits

As English is Australia’s official language, US expats can easily integrate into daily life without the need to learn a new language. This simplifies communication when dealing with bureaucracy, healthcare, and employment.

Australia offers an exceptional quality of life, with several cities ranked among the most liveable globally in the Economist Global Liveability Index 2025^[22]

Source: Economist Intelligence Unit: Global Liveability Index 2025

Melbourne, Sydney, and Adelaide all place in the top 10 worldwide, reflecting strong performance in healthcare, education, infrastructure, and stability. These cities also offer rich cultural experiences and outdoor recreational opportunities, making Australia an attractive destination for US expats.

Germany provides American professionals with access to Central Europe’s largest economy, a strong Freelance Visa pathway, and a high quality of life with lower expenses than in the US.

US expats

Germany is home to over 200,000 US citizens. The American community is largely composed of highly skilled professionals in sectors such as technology, engineering, and research, drawn by Germany’s strong economy and demand for qualified talent.

Many American expats participate in local social groups such as the American Women’s Club of Berlin and the Americans in Germany, fostering community and networking opportunities.

Location

Germany is located in central Europe, bordered by Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west.

Direct flights from the US to Germany take 7 to 9 hours, with flights from the West Coast taking around 10 to 11 hours. One-way ticket prices range from $400 to 800.

Visa-free stay and residency options

Visa requirement. US nationals can stay in Germany for up to 90 days within a 180-day period for tourism, business, or short-term visits.

Residency option. For long-term stays, US expats can apply for a Freelance Visa. This visa is available to self-employed individuals and freelancers in sectors such as tech and creative industries. Applicants must provide proof of income, typically around $2,000—2,500 per month, along with evidence of work contracts or client demand.

Cost of living

The cost of living in Germany is about 15% lower than the US. A single person usually needs $900—1,050 per month, and a family of four spends about $3,100—3,500. 

Rent averages $900—1,300 for a 1-bedroom apartment and $1,600—2,400 for a 3-bedroom apartment, with Munich, Frankfurt, and Hamburg being the most expensive cities. More affordable alternatives include Leipzig, Dresden, and smaller regional centres. 

Public transport, healthcare, and utilities are relatively well-priced compared to other Western European countries.

Long-term prospects

Germany grants citizenship after 5 years of legal residence in the country. Applicants must demonstrate German language proficiency at B1 level, pass a naturalisation test, and show integration into German society.

Following 2024 reforms, Germany allows dual citizenship, which means Americans are no longer required to renounce their US nationality. The reform also reduced the standard residence requirement from 8 to 5 years. These changes have made the pathway to German citizenship faster and more accessible for long-term residents.

Driving license

To exchange a US driving license for a German one, applicants generally need to submit their valid US license, proof of residence in Germany, and complete a vision test. Whether additional theory or practical exams are required depends primarily on the US state that issued the document.

Remarkable benefits

Germany offers a high quality of life, ranking among the top countries worldwide^[15]

Source: Numbeo database: Quality of Life Index by Country 2026

The German healthcare system is among the best globally, with universal coverage and high accessibility, ranking 3rd in the 2024 World Index of Healthcare Innovation^[29]

Source: FREOPP World Index of Healthcare Innovation: Germany’s overview

The country also provides a favourable environment for running a business and high levels of political rights and civil liberties^[30]

Source: Freedom in the World 2025 report by Freedom House: Germany’s overview

Choosing the right country for relocation involves more than just comparing destinations. It requires considering practical factors like residency options, language, and financial stability to ensure a smooth transition and long-term security.

Residency options

Countries like Portugal, Malta, Greece, Spain, and Panama are among the easiest for Americans to immigrate to, thanks to residency options for investors, financially independent people, and digital nomads.

Immigrant Invest assists US citizens in applying for Portuguese, Maltese, Spanish, Greek, and Panamanian residence permits. The team guides applicants through all requirements and procedures, from gathering the necessary documents to issuing residency cards.

Ease of settling

Factors such as local culture, friendliness, opportunities to make friends, and the welcoming attitude of the host country play a crucial role in how easily one can settle in a new location.

Pathway to citizenship

All the countries listed allow residents to apply for citizenship after holding residence for a qualifying period. The waiting times vary, with Canada offering the fastest route at 3 years, followed by Australia at 4 years. Portugal requires 10 years, while Germany, Mexico, Panama and New Zealand require 5 years.

English proficiency

English is widely spoken in all the listed countries, facilitating adaptation for Americans. In Portugal and Spain, English is commonly used in daily life and business. In Malta, Canada, and New Zealand, English is an official language, which simplifies communication and bureaucratic processes.

Currency

Understanding local currencies and exchange rates is essential for financial planning. Countries with stable currencies, such as EU nations using the Euro or Panama with the US Dollar, provide more predictability for long-term financial management.

The Australian Dollar and New Zealand Dollar are relatively stable but may fluctuate due to commodity exports and global trade dynamics. In contrast, the Mexican Peso tends to be more volatile, influenced by inflation and political factors.

Costa Rica’s currency, while less prominent in global trade, remains stable within the local economy, making it reliable for domestic transactions. However, international dealings may experience occasional exchange rate variations.

Relocating does not remove US tax obligations, and the United States taxes its citizens on worldwide income regardless of where they reside^[31]

Source: Internal Revenue Service: Guidelines for US citizens and resident aliens abroad

Before moving, Americans should take practical steps to remain compliant with both US and local tax rules. This includes the following:

• filing any outstanding US tax returns;
• notifying the IRS of a foreign address using Form 8822;
• preparing for foreign account reporting;
• informing US banks of the move;
• reviewing any ongoing state-level tax exposure.

FBAR reporting requirements

The Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts, FBAR, is filed annually on FinCEN Form 114 and is required for any US person with a financial interest in, or signature authority over, foreign financial accounts whose aggregate value exceeded $10,000 at any point during the calendar year^[32]

Source: Internal Revenue Service: Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts

FATCA reporting

The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, FATCA, requires US persons to report specified foreign financial assets on Form 8938, attached to their annual tax return^[33]

Source: Internal Revenue Service: Comparison of Form 8938 and FBAR requirements

For Americans living outside the US, the FATCA reporting threshold is $200,000 in foreign assets at year-end, or $300,000 at any point during the year, for unmarried filers. Married couples filing jointly face higher combined thresholds of $400,000 at year-end or $600,000 at any time during the year.

Foreign Earned Income Exclusion

The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion, FEIE^[34]

Source: Internal Revenue Service: Guidelines on foreign earned income exclusion

The FEIE covers only earned income: wages, salaries, and self-employment income. Passive income such as dividends, rental income, and capital gains does not qualify. For 2026, the maximum exclusion amount is $132,900 per person. This limit is adjusted annually for inflation, meaning it is indexed and increases each year.

Double-tax treaties

Double-tax treaties reduce the risk of being taxed on the same income by both the US and the destination country. The US maintains tax treaties with Portugal, Spain, Malta, Germany, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, and Greece, among others^[35]

Source: Internal Revenue Service: List of US Tax Treaties

The Foreign Tax Credit allows Americans to credit taxes already paid to a foreign government against their US liability on the same income^[36]

Source: Internal Revenue Service: Guidelines on the foreign tax credit

Immigrant Invest is a consulting company with over 20 years of experience in investment migration. We help US nationals make their first step to relocation by obtaining temporary or permanent residency in Europe and beyond.

Our clients receive an initial consultation covering eligibility, timelines, costs, and US tax considerations, along with ongoing support from a dedicated migration expert and document management team throughout the process.

Before taking on a case, our in-house Compliance Department conducts compliance and KYC checks on the client to make sure all potential issues are identified early.

We hold government-issued licences to advise on EU residency and citizenship programmes and are accountable under EU AML regulations which guarantee your peace of mind.

1. Portugal, Greece, and Malta, Germany, and Spain are among the easiest EU countries for Americans to immigrate to. In Portugal, Malta, and Greece, investors can obtain residency by investment.
2. Malta, Portugal, and Spain also offer residency options for digital nomads.
3. Mexico is considered the easiest country to settle in.
4. Panama and Costa Rica attract US retirees through their Pensionado Programmes. Panama also offers the Qualified Investor Visa which opens investors a fast-track path to permanent residency by investment.
5. Australia and New Zealand host a significant number of American expats, offering various residency visas for skilled workers.
6. When choosing a destination, Americans should evaluate factors such as residency options, English proficiency, currency stability, ease of settling, cost of living, family relocation possibilities, and future pathways to citizenship.