Seven European countries offer investors to obtain a residence permit. Residence permit and permanent residence programs differ in the minimum amount of investment, investment options and the term for obtaining resident status.
The residence permit gives the investor the right to come to the country of residence at any time, even with closed borders. Subject to all the conditions of the residence permit or permanent residence programs, the investor has the right to apply for citizenship of the country after some time, for example, in Portugal after five years.
Residents of five countries - Austria, Malta, Portugal, Greece and Switzerland - can also travel freely within the Schengen states and spend up to 90 days out of 180 there.
In which European countries investors can get a residence permit
In some countries, investors have the opportunity to obtain citizenship. Citizenship is more convenient than a residence permit, because the second passport expands the range of visa-free destinations.
Malta grants investors citizenship by naturalization for exceptional merit in the field of direct investment. The minimum investment amount is €690,000.
Investors fulfill three mandatory investment conditions:
make a contribution to the National Development Fund;
charitable contribution to a non‑governmental organization;
buy or rent property.
First, the investor receives a residence permit in Malta. Then after one or three years, depending on the amount of investment, he applies for citizenship.
Turkey offers investors citizenship for real estate investments from $400,000. Alternative investment options under the program:
deposit at a local bank;
purchase of shares in an investment fund;
business creation;
buying government bonds.
The minimum investment for these four options is $500,000. Getting a Turkish passport takes about six months.
Montenegro issues citizenship for investments from €472,000. The investor makes a non‑refundable contribution to the state fund and buys a share in the real estate project. The term for obtaining a passport takes six months. The citizenship program in Montenegro is valid until December 31, 2022.