Digital Nomad Visas

A Digital Nomad Visa is a permit that allows remote workers to legally live in a foreign country while earning income from employers or clients outside that country. It is usually a residency permit or a short-term visa that allows its holder to get a permit once they enter the country.

Digital Nomad Visas gained popularity in recent years as remote work became the norm and professionals sought flexible living options. Countries introduced these visas to attract skilled workers, boost their economies, and revitalise tourism.

According to a travel data agency, Riskline, there are at least 40 million digital nomads worldwide, of whom approximately 18 million are Americans.

Remote workers. Individuals employed by a company located outside the host country who work entirely remotely.

Freelancers. Independent professionals, such as writers, designers, developers, or consultants, offer services to clients globally.

Entrepreneurs. Business owners or founders who manage their operations remotely, typically running online or location-independent businesses.

Digital creators. Content creators, bloggers, influencers, and videographers who generate income online through platforms, sponsorships, or advertising.

Independent consultants and specialists. Experts providing specialised remote services, such as legal advisors, financial consultants, or IT professionals.

Contractors. Individuals on fixed-term contracts with foreign companies, working remotely during the duration of the agreement.

Typical requirements. Each country sets specific eligibility criteria, the most common being:

• proof of income, which must be earned outside the host country;

• remote work capabilities, such as a work contract confirming the possibility of working from abroad or an employer’s permission;

• housing in the host country;

• a list of documents to confirm eligibility;

• sometimes, industry or occupation preferences.

Several countries that offer Digital Nomad Visas do not specify the minimum income. Among them are Germany, the Bahamas, Uruguay, and Seychelles. This means that applicants will only need to cover their expenses in the new living place.

Few countries require a monthly income of $2,000 or less. These countries are:

• Colombia — $750;

• Albania — $815;

• Ecuador — $1,350;

• Montenegro — $1,440;

• Brazil — $1,500;

• Czechia — $1,670.

As for the European Union, three countries demand a nomad to earn less than €3,000:

• Croatia — €2,540;

• Spain — €2,762;

• Italy — €2,700.

Many Digital Nomad Visa programs allow nomads to bring their families along, offering remote workers a convenient way to relocate with their loved ones.

Who can join:

• spouse or registered domestic partner;

• minor children;

• in some cases, older children who are financially dependent on the nomad;

• rarely, elderly parents or other dependents if their financial dependency is proven.

Digital Nomad Visa applications may be rejected for several reasons, often related to documentation, financial requirements, or visa terms compliance.

Insufficient proof of remote work. Applicants must demonstrate that they work remotely for a foreign employer, run an online business, or freelance for international clients.

Not meeting income requirements. Digital Nomad Visas require applicants to earn a minimum monthly income to ensure financial stability during their stay. Applications may be denied if income documentation, like bank statements or salary slips, does not meet the threshold or is incomplete.

Incomplete or incorrect documentation. It is essential to provide all documents on the list to get approval. Errors in application forms or failure to translate documents when required can also cause issues.

Non-compliance with visa terms. Some applicants fail to meet criteria such as no local employment in the host country or restrictions on business operations. Any indication of plans to violate these terms may result in a rejected application. Renewing or extending a visa will also be impossible if the rules are broken.

To avoid rejection, it is advisable to seek professional assistance to prepare a flawless application. For example, Immigrant Invest lawyers conduct a preliminary check to help indicate potential risks at an early stage and find a solution.

Tax and financial challenges. Some countries impose income thresholds and potential tax obligations, which can increase the financial burden, especially if local taxation overlaps with taxes in the home country.

Limited duration and pathway. Digital Nomad Visas are temporary, usually lasting 6 months to 2 years, and do not necessarily lead to permanent residency or citizenship.

Restrictions on local employment. These visas typically prohibit working for companies within the host country, limit income opportunities, and require reliance on remote or foreign income sources.